Common faults of automobile shock absorbers
Mar 27,2023
In order to quickly attenuate the vibrations of the frame and body and improve the smoothness and comfort of the car, car suspension systems are generally equipped with shock absorbers. Currently, two-way acting cylindrical shock absorbers are widely used in cars.
The shock absorber is a vulnerable part during the use of the car. The working quality of the shock absorber will directly affect the smoothness of the car and the life of other parts. Therefore, we should keep the shock absorber in good working condition. The following methods can be used to check whether the shock absorber is working well.
1. Stop the car after driving 10 kilometers on a road with poor road conditions, and touch the shock absorber shell with your hands. If it is not hot enough, it means there is no resistance inside the shock absorber and the shock absorber is not working. At this time, appropriate lubricating oil can be added, and then the test is carried out. If the outer shell is hot, it means there is a lack of oil inside the shock absorber, and sufficient oil should be added; otherwise, the shock absorber has failed.
2. Press the bumper firmly and then release it. If the car jumps 2-3 times, it means the shock absorber is working well.
3. When the car is driving slowly and brakes urgently, if the car vibrates violently, it means there is a problem with the shock absorber.
4. Remove the shock absorber, stand it upright, and clamp the lower connecting ring on a vise. Pull the shock absorber rod hard several times. At this time, there should be stable resistance. When pulling upward, the resistance to recovery should be greater than downward. If the resistance is unstable or has no resistance, it may be that the shock absorber is short of oil or the valve parts are damaged, and the parts should be repaired or replaced.
After determining that there is a problem or failure in the shock absorber, you should first check whether the shock absorber is leaking oil or has traces of old oil leakage.
If oil leakage is found, first tighten the cylinder head nut. If the shock absorber still leaks oil, the oil seal and sealing gasket may be damaged and fail, and new seals should be replaced. If the oil leakage still cannot be eliminated, the shock absorber rod should be pulled out. If it feels stuck or the severity is uneven, further check whether the gap between the piston and the cylinder is too large, whether the shock absorber piston connecting rod is bent, and whether the piston connecting rod is bent. Check whether there are scratches or pull marks on the surface and cylinder barrel.
If there is no oil leakage from the shock absorber, check the shock absorber connecting pins, connecting rods, connecting holes, rubber bushings, etc. for damage, desoldering, cracking or falling off. If the above inspection is normal, the shock absorber should be further disassembled to check whether the matching gap between the piston and the cylinder barrel is too large, whether the cylinder barrel is strained, whether the valve seal is good, whether the valve disc and the valve seat are tightly fitted, and whether the damping Check whether the extension spring of the shock absorber is too soft or broken. Repair it by grinding or replacing parts according to the situation.
In addition, the shock absorber may make noise during actual use. This is mainly due to the collision of the shock absorber with the leaf spring, frame or axle, damage or fall off of the rubber pad, deformation of the shock absorber dust tube, and oil leakage. If it is caused by deficiencies or other reasons, the cause should be identified and repaired.
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